• Global energy landscape and trends
• Types of renewable energy: Solar, wind, hydro, geothermal, biomass
• Renewable energy technologies: Components, principles, and applications
• Solar photovoltaic (PV) systems: Types, efficiency, and installation
• Solar thermal energy: Concentrating solar power (CSP) and solar water heating
• Solar energy policies and incentives
• Wind turbines: Types, components, and performance
• Wind energy potential and resource assessment
• Wind farm development and grid integration
• Hydropower plants: Types, environmental impacts, and sustainability
• Geothermal energy: Types, applications, and challenges
• Biomass energy: Biofuels, biogas, and waste-to-energy
• Renewable energy policies and incentives: Feed-in tariffs, tax credits, and subsidies
• Economic analysis of renewable energy projects: Cost-benefit analysis, levelized cost of energy
• Emerging trends and challenges in renewable energy: Energy storage, grid integration, and international cooperation