• Financial Markets and Instruments:
o Equity markets, debt markets, and derivatives
o Market indices and benchmarks
• Time Value of Money:
o Present value and future value calculations
o Annuities and perpetuities
• Risk and Return:
o Measuring risk and return
o Portfolio theory and diversification
• Fundamental Analysis:
o Financial statement analysis
o Ratio analysis
o Industry analysis
• Equity Valuation Techniques:
o Discounted cash flow (DCF) analysis
o Comparable company analysis
o Precedent transaction analysis
• Technical Analysis:
o Chart patterns and technical indicators
o Market trends and momentum
• Fixed Income Securities:
o Bonds, treasury bills, and corporate bonds
o Bond pricing and yield calculations
o Credit risk and interest rate risk
• Portfolio Management:
o Portfolio construction and diversification
o Asset allocation strategies
o Performance evaluation and attribution
• Derivatives:
o Options, futures, and swaps
o Hedging strategies using derivatives
• Risk Management Techniques:
o Value at risk (VaR)
o Expected shortfall
o Stress testing and scenario analysis
• Behavioral Finance Concepts:
o Behavioral biases and their impact on investment decisions
o Prospect theory and loss aversion
o Herding behavior and market bubbles
• Behavioral Portfolio Management:
o Incorporating behavioral factors into investment decisions
o Behavioral finance strategies for individual investors and institutions